Legal Process

Rights on Arrest: what police can and cannot do

"The release of accused persons is the cardinal rule and detention, the exception <...>" - Supreme Court of Canada

What "restraining order" can mean in Canada

The main purpose of the first appearance is for the court to find out how you will plead.

You may be expected to attend court for your first appearance, a preliminary hearing and an arraignment hearing before you face trial.

Offence Types: Summary, Indictable, and Hybrid Charges Explained

Crown Disclosure: what the Crown must share before a plea

You can only plead guilty or not guilty, as our courts never find anyone “innocent” of a crime.

After a preliminary inquiry, your charges could be dismissed if the judge is not convinced the evidence against you is strong enough.

If you choose to go to trial without a lawyer, there are steps you should take in advance.

Presenting evidence to the court to supports your arguments.

Testimony is at the heart of every criminal court trial, playing an essential part of proving the guilt or innocence of an accused.

Here are some common defences that can be used in your criminal case.

Types of Sentences: what a Canadian judge can actually order

If you are found guilty, you are required to attend a sentencing hearing.

Gladue Rights: Indigenous circumstances in sentencing

Either side can launch an appeal to a higher court, asking that the decision be reversed or changed.

Common law, also known as case law, helps guide judges based on past decisions.